LAST MINUTE SUGGESTION

Difference between WORKGROUP and DOMAIN

WORKGROUP	DOMAIN
Workgroup has no central management system	Domain has central management system
Workgroup has no central storage place	Domain has a central storage place and that’s call ACTIVE DIRECTORY SERVICES
There is no need to use the server operating system in the workgroup	In the domain the server operating system need
Workgroup not provides the higher security and its also not the systematic network	Domain provides the higher security and it’s a systematic network

Difference between DESKTOP OS and SERVER OS

Desktop OS	Server OS
Desktop OS is use both workgroup and domain user	Server OS is generally use only in Domain user
Desktop OS has no network services that can manage other systems in the network	Server OS has network services that’s why it can manage other systems in the network
Desktop OS can’t create active directory database	Server OS can create active directory database
To install desktop OS no need to use very high configuration system	To install server OS need to user very high configuration system
Windows XP, Win 98, win millennium ,win 95 OS	Windows 2000, win 2003 domain server OS

Difference between FAT32 and NTFS File system

FAT32	NTFS
The security level of the fat file system is less	NTFS provides the higher security level
FAT provides only folder level security	NTFS provides folder and file level security
Active directory database cannot store in the FAT file system	Active directory database store in the NTFS file system
Disk quota cannot support in the FAT file system	Disk quota support in the NTFS file system
Access control list and access control entry is not create in the fat file system	Access control list and access control entry is create in NTFS file system

Difference between IP ADDRESS and MAC ADDRESS

IP ADDRESS	MAC ADDRESS
IP address is variable	MAC address is permanent
IP address store in hard disk	MAC address store in LAN Card
IP address work in Network layer	MAC address work in Datalink layer
IP address is the 32 bit address	MAC address is the 48 bit address
IP address divided in 2 parts: host and network	MAC address divided in 4 parts: Vendors identification no./ Organization unique identification / unicasting/ multicasting and locally/ globally

Difference between TCP and UDP

TCP	UDP
Reliable protocol	Unreliable protocol
Acknowledgement get from destination	No acknowledgement get from destination
Retransmission happen	No retransmission happen
Slower process	Faster process
Use cable	Do not user cable
Connection oriented transport	Connection less transport
Transmission control protocol	User datagram protocol

Difference between HUB and SWITCH

HUB	SWITCH
Hub does not create V-LAN	Switch create V-LAN
Hub does not create any table	Switch create switching table
Hub use Low Bandwidth	Switch use High Bandwidth
Hub works in Physical Layer	Switch Works in Datalink Layer
Hub does not learn and listen MAC address	But switch learn and listen MAC address
Hub create loops and cannot avoid it	Switch create loops and also can avoid it
Hub uses multiple broadcast and creates large collision domain	Switch uses multiple broadcast but brakes large collision domain into small collision domain

Difference between HUB and SWITCH

LAYER 2 SWITCH	LAYER 3 SWITCH
Layer 2 switch works only Datalink Layer	Layer 3 switch works both Datalink and Network Layer
Layer 2 switch has no routing protocol	Layer 3 switch has routing protocol
Layer 2 switch Cannot defines route	Layer 3 switch defines route
Layer 2 Switch Breaks the collision domain but not break the broadcast switch	Layer 3 Switch Can break both the domain
May be manage switch or unmanaged switch	Is always manage the switch
Only user the MAC address for transmission	Use both MAC and IP address for transmission

Difference between SWITCH and ROUTER

SWITCH	ROUTER
Switch brakes the collision	Router breaks the broadcast domain
Works in Datalink Layer	Only works in Network Layer
Switch only use in MAC address	Router only use IP address
Has no serial port	Has a serial port for WAN connectivity
Switch can creates V-LAN	Router cannot create V-LAN
Switch can creates ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit)	But router has no ASIC
Not use routing protocol	Can use routing protocol

Difference between DNS and WINS

DNS	WINS
DNS is a global name resolution service	WINS is a local name resolution service
DNS works multiple operating system enviourment	WINS works only windows operating system
For name resolution DNS protocol is use	For name resolution NET-BEUI protocol is use
DNS is a upgrade version of host file	WINS is a Upgrade version of LM host file

Difference between ROUTING PROTOCAL and ROUTED PROTOCAL

ROUTING PROTOCAL	ROUTED PROTOCAL
Routing protocol is use to define route	Routed protocol is use to carry data
Routing protocol is not use in static routing process	Routed protocol is use both static and dynamic process
The example of routing protocols are RIP, IGRP,OSPF	The example of routed protocols are IP, IPX

Difference between PACKET SWITCHING and CIRCUIT SWITCHING

PACKET SWITCHING	CIRCUIT SWITCHING
Packet switching route discover one time	Circuit switching discover for each connectivity
Creates PVC (permanent virtual circuit)	Creates SVC ( switch virtual circuit)
It is the faster process and it provides higher bandwidth	It is the slower process and not provides higher bandwidth

Difference between RIP VERSION 1 and RIP VERSION 2

RIP VERSION 1	RIP VERSION 2
Only class full support	Class full and classless both
Sub netting and super netting not support	Sub netting and super netting support
VLSM not support	Support
MD5 authentication require	Not require

Difference between IPVERSION 4 and IPVERSION 6

IPVERSION 4	IPVERSION 6
It is 32 bit IP address	128 bit IP address
Address defined as a decimal address	Address defined as a hexadecimal address
IP address divided into two part HOST AND NETWORK	IP address divided into three part GLOBAL,PREFIX, SUBNET
No of host in the network preferable less	No of host in the network is preferable more

Difference between SD-RAM and DDR- RAM

SD-RAM	DDR- RAM
Minimum storage capacity of is 32 MB MAX 512 MB	Minimum storage capacity of is 64 MB MAX 1GB onwards
The minimum data transfer speed or frequency 66 MHZ and max 166 MHZ	The minimum data transfer speed or frequency 200MHZ and max 667 MHZ
The pin no is 128	The pin no is 168,172,184,192
Storage capacity and frequency is less	Storage capacity and frequency is more

Difference between DDR1 and DDR2

DDR1	DDR2
The pin no is 168,172,184,192	The pin no is 240
The voltage is 2.5	The voltage is 1.8
Storage capacity and frequency less than DDR2	Storage capacity and frequency more than DDR1

Difference between BRI and PRI

BRI	PRI
Full form is basic rate interface	Primary rate interface
It has 2B channel- 1D channel	Here are two types of pri (1) 23B + 1D (2) 30B+1D
Bandwidth 144 kbps	Bandwidth 23B+1D=bandwidth is 24x64=1536 kbps and max is 31x64=1984 kbps
The bandwidth of D channel is 16 kbps	The bandwidth is 64 kbps
Use in India Bangladesh , Pakistan and southern Asian country.	UK, USA JAPAN

Difference between EHTERNET TECHNOLOGY & TOKENRING TECHNOLOGY

EHTERNET TECHNOLOGY	TOKENRING TECHNOLOGY
CSMA/CD method use	Token bus and ring topology method use
Before sending data NIC card since the carrier	Data transmit by token
Hub or switch use	MAU or MSAU use
Collision may happen	Collision not possible

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ARP AND RARP

ARP	RARP
Address resolution protocol	Reverse address resolution protocol
With the help of ip address search the MAC address	With the help of MAC address search the ip address
Use in disk connected system	Use in diskless system
ARP broadcast send	RARP broadcast send

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FTP AND TFTP

FTP	TFTP
File transfer protocol	Trivial file transfer protocol
User in disconnected system	Use in diskless system
Port no is 21	Port no is 69
TCP protocol use in FTP	UDP protocol use in TFTP

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POP3 AND SMTP

POP3	SMTP
Post office protocol version 3	Simple mail transfer protocol
Pop3 is use to access mail from inbox	SMTP is responsible for sending mail from source to destination
The port no is 110	Port no is 25

ROUTER, SWITCH, BRIDGE, HUB AMPLIFIER, REPITER, NIC CARD WORKS IN WHICH LAYER?

ROUTER NETWORK LAYER

SWITCH DATALINK LAYER (LAYER3 SWITCH ALSO WORKS NETWORK LAYER)

BRIDGE DATALINK LAYER

HUB PHYSICAL LAYER

AMPLIFIER PHYSICAL LAYER

REPETER PHYSICAL LAYER

NIC CARD PHYSICAL LAYER

PROTOCOL	PORT NO
TCP	04
UDP	19
FTP	21
TELNET	23
SMTP	25
DNS	53
TFTP	69
HTTP	80
POP2	109
POP3	110
NNTP	119

What is DNS?

DNS or domain name service is use to translate the host name to IP address and IP address to host name. And DNS is a global name resolution service that is use to translate the host name into the IP address and IP address to host name.

How many types of Zone have in DNS?

There are three types of zone in DNS.

1) Standard primary zone

2) Standard secondary zone

3) Stub zone

How many queries in DNS?

There are 2 types of quires use in DNS

1) Recursive queries

2) Iterative or non recursive queries

What is the error checking command use in DNS?

NS-LOOKUP

What is host file?

Host file is a local name resolution file where the host name and IP address map manually.

What is DHCP?

DHCP or dynamic host configuration protocol is a service where clients get their IP address automatically from the server .

OR

DHCP is a service where a server can provide the IP address from its SCOPE to the clients dynamically.

How many steps use to get IP address from DHCP?

There are 4 steps use. That is call DORA process.

D - Clients send the discover message to find the DHCP server

O - DHCP server offer the IP address range or scope to client

R - Client or host request for any IP address from scope

A - Then DHCP server sends Acknowledgement to client

What is SCOPE?

SCOPE is the place where store the range of IP address and from which a DHCP server can provide IP address to the client using pooling process.

What is DHCP relay agent?

DHCP relay agent is the process where a DHCP server can provide IP address to the client situated in different broadcast domain or network dynamically.

What is APIPA?

APIPA means automatic private IP address range of APIPA is 169.254.0.0-169.254.255.255

What is the difference between BOOT P and DHCP server?

BOOT P (Boot strap protocol) is the earlier version of DHCP.

What is DHCP reservation?

DHCP reservation is the process where an IP address is map with a particular clients MAC address.

How you convert the fat file system to NTFS using command prompt?

C:\> convert m: fs:ntfs

What is RAID?

RAID is a process where a large volume of drive can create using multiple disk and as well as control fault tolerance.

Difference between disk mirroring and disk duplexing in RAID.

DISK MIRRORING	DISK DUPLEXING
One IDE port use in motherboard	Two IDE port use in motherboard
Two HDD connect in a IDE data cable one in master and another HDD in slave	Two HDD connect two different IDE data cable
If the IDE port of motherboard of master slave connector port is damage then we cannot recover any data from any disk	If one IDE port or any cable connector port is damage then we recover the data from another HDD
Fault tolerance is less	Fault tolerance is 100%

Difference between basic disk and dynamic disk

BASIC DISK	DYNAMIC DISK
Volume drive not creates in basic disk	Volume drive creates in dynamic disk
In basic disk there are 3 types of basic disk 1) Primary 2) Extended 3) Logical	In dynamic disk there are 5 types 1) Simple volume 2) Stripped volume 3) Span volume 4) Mirroring volume 5) RAID – 5 volume
Basic disk convert into the dynamic disk	But dynamic disk cannot convert in the basic disk

Volume shadow copy?

Volume shadow copy is the process to gets backup of data as a shadow copy in the disk before deleting or changing any data.

How many types of partition you can create in a disk?

There are three partitions

1) Primary

2) Extended

3) Logical

How many maximum primary partitions have?

There are 4 primary partitions.

What is mounting?

Mounting is the process to link a different drive with a folder of different drive

What is ASR?

ASR or automatic system recover is a recovery process that restores all system information and system file.

How many types of NT backup present in windows?

There are mainly 3 NT backup in windows

1) Normal

2) Incremental

3) Differential

What is VPN?

Virtual private network or VPN is the technology where two different private networks are connected through any public network or internet maintaining full authentication and security.

How many types VPN have?

There are three types of VPN

1) Remote access VPN

2) Site to site VPN

3) Extranet VPN

Give example of tranking protocol?

802.1Q, ISL etc.

What is tranking protocol?

Tranking protocol is use to connect two different VLAN

What is telnet?

Telnet is a process to access one system remotely.

Example of WAN protocol?

PPP, HDLC, LEASE LINE, FRAME RELAY, ISDN.

Give the example of authentication protocol?

There are mainly 4 authentication protocols

1) PAP 2) CHAP 3) MSCHAP 4) EAP

What is VLAN?

Vlan is use to create different virtual network, logical grouping of some ports of switch.

What is domain?

Domain is a network where have a central management system and central storage place or database.

What is OU?

OU is a container of a domain where can have multiple object

What is tree?

The hierarchical architecture of domain is called tree.

What is forest?

Forest is a group of domain tree.

How many types of users create in domain?

Three types of user create in domain.

1) Domain user

2) Local user

3) Pre define user

What is Active Directory Database?

Active Directory Database is a storage place store in the domain controller where stored every domain information.

What is domain controller?

Domain controller is the system which can manage, handle and control all the object of domain network.

What is cal?

CAL or client access licensing is use in authorized server which have authorized license client.

What is STP?

STP or spanning tree protocol is use to avoid loop in the switch.

Why DSL and ADSL modem is called router?

DSL and ADSL modem not only modulate the signal but also defined route to connect different network so it is called router.

Difference between broadband and base band?

BORADBAND	BASEBAND
It is the analog signal	It is the digital signal
SINE curve signal use	BLOCK signal use
Multiple analog signal can pass	Single digital signal can pass
Broadband can translate data voice and video at a time.	Baseband cannot translate data voice and video at a time

Difference between broadband and base band?

CAT 5	CAT6
It provides the less bandwidth	Higher bandwidth
The twist of CAT 5 pair is less	The twist of CAT 5 pair is more
The bandwidth is 1) In UTP 100-200 MBPS 2) In STP 150-400 MBPS	The bandwidth is 1) IN UPT 200-400 MBPS 2) In STP 1000 MBPS

What is the connection use in co – axial, twisted pair and Optic fiber?

1) Co- axial BNC (British naval connector), T connector

2) Twisted pair RJ- 11 (phone wire), RJ – 45

3) Optic fiber SC/ST (serial connector), (Strip connector)

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SAM AND ACTIVE DIRECTORY DATABASE

SAM	ACTIVE DIRECTORY DATABASE
SAM database store in every local system	Store in only domain controller
Only shared for local systems	Shared for all active user for domain
It is use only workgroup network	It is use only domain network
It is not provides higher security	Provides higher security

How many types of groups?

1) Domain local group

2) Global group

3) Universal group

What is group policy?

Group policy is use, to provides difference policy of the object.